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de latio nominis

  • 1 Klage

    Klage, I) betrübte Äußerung über widriges Geschick: questus (das Klagen als Zustand, wo man klagt). – querimonia (die Klage als Ausdruck des Schmerzes über wirklich erlittenes Mißgeschick etc.). – querela (die Klage als Ausdruck des Unmuts, Unwillens über wirkliches oder vermeintliches Mißgeschick etc.). – lamentatio. lamentum (das Jammern u. Wehklagen, ersteres als Handlung, letzteres als die Klage selbst). – plangor. planctus (das Schlagen auf die Brust, die Arme, das Gesicht etc., als Zeichen der Klage und Betrübnis); verb. plangor et lamentatio. – quiritatus (das Klaggeschrei). – gemitus (das Klaggewimmer); verb. gemitus et lamentatio. – vagītus (das Klaggewimmer kleiner Kindern. Verwundeter). – mit lauter K., cum flebili vociferatione. – Klagen über böse Zeiten, querela temporum: in Klagen ausbrechen, lamentari: über etwas, queri coepisse od. bl. queri alqd (z.B. fatum suum od. fortunas suas): gegen die Götter, querimonias iacĕre in deos: den Klagen sich hingeben, lamentis se dedere; lamentis vacare: ohne K. dahinsterben, non miserabiliter emori.

    II) Beschwerde über eine Person od. Sache: 1) im allg.: querela (als Ausdruck des Unmuts, Unwillens über wirklich oder vermeintlich erlittenes Unrecht). – querimonia (die [1442] Klage als Ausdruck des Schmerzes über wirklich. erlittene Beeinträchtigung). – expostulatio (das Zur-Rechenschaft-Ziehen). – K. über etwas, querela od. querimonia de alqa re (z.B. de iniuriis): K. bei jmd., querela cum alqo: K. führen, erheben, queri (z.B. ne in occulto quidem queri audere): K. führen, erheben über etwas, querimoniam habere de alqa re; queri od. conqueri alqd od. de alqa re, bei jmd., cum alqo oder apud alqm (z.B. apud senatum); expostulare de alqa re, bei jmd., cum alqo (zur Rechenschaft ziehen); verb. expostulare et queri; folgt »daß«, so steht nach diesen Verben der Akk. u. Infin. od. (nach Umständen, s. »klagen«) auch quod. – gegen jmd. K. erheben, über jmd. K. führen, queri od. conqueri de alqo oder de alcis iniuria; alqm accusare coepisse od. bl. alqm accusare: bei einem, queri od. conqueri de alqoapud alqm (z.B. apud senatum, schriftlich, per epistulam): in Klagen ausbrechen, sich in Klagen ergießen, se profundere in questus; daß etc., queri od. conqueri coepisse m. folg. quod od. mit folg. Akk. u. Infin.: eine K. bei jmd. anbringen, querimoniam od. querelamdeferre ad alqm.

    2) insbes. vor Gericht oder sonst bei einer Behörde angebrachte Beschwerde: querimonia. querela (Klage über zugefügtes Leid, s. no. II, 1 den Untersch.). – criminatio (die Kl. als Schuldgebung einer Sache). – de latio nominis (die Angabe des Namens dessen, den man verklagen will, beim Richter). – periculum (die Kl. als Gefahr, Risiko, in dem sich der Beklagte befindet). – actio (das gerichtliche Verfahren übh., sowohl in Zivil als in Kriminalsachen; dann auch die dabei gewöhnliche Klageformel u. Klagerede). – accusatio (die Klage als Beschuldigung, die man gegen jmd. vor Gericht vorbringt, bes. in Kriminalsachen; auch die dabei gewöhnliche Klagerede). – petitio. postulatio (die Kl. in Zivilsachen, als rechtliche Forderung an jmd.). – formula (die Klageformel). – libellus (die Klageschrift). – die K. auf Mitgift, de dote actio: K. aus Kabale, aus böser Absicht, calumnia. – auf meine K., me agente. – sich in eine K. mit jmd. einlassen, litem contestari cum alqo. – eine K. anstellen, erheben, actionem instituere. lege agere. in ius vocare (im allg., bes. aber in Zivilsachen); accusationem comparareconstituereque. accusationem comparare et instituere (in Kriminalsachen). – eine K. anstellen, erheben, gegen jmd., a) im allg.: lege agere cum alqo; actionem oder formulam alci intendere; iudicio experiri cum alqo; iudicio persequi alqm: wegen etwas, (lege agere alcis rei oder de alqa re (gegen jmd., cum alqo); iudicio od. legibus experiri de alqa re: gegen etw., lege agere in oder adversus alqd. – b) in Zivilsachen: alqm in ius vocare (übh. vor Gericht fordern). – c) in Kriminalsachen: nomen alcis ad iudicem (od. ad iudices) deferre (den Namen des zu Verklagenden beim Richter, bes. beim Prätor, angeben); iudicium postulare in alqm (eine gerichtliche Untersuchung gegen jmd. verlangen); alqm in iudicium adducere. alqm in ius educere. alqm ducere od. educere (jmd. vor [1443] Gericht führen); periculum alci creare oder facessere (jmd. in eine mit Gefahr, Risiko verbundene gerichtliche Untersuchung verwickeln); alqm reum agere oder facere (jmd. in den Anklagestand versetzen); alqm (reum) citare (ihn vorladen vor Gericht); diem dicere alci (jmdm. einen Termin bestimmen, wo er vor Gericht erscheinen soll, vom Volke); alqm accusare (ihn förmlich anklagen, seine Beschuldigung vor Gericht vorbringen). – bei jmd. eine K. erheben, anstellen, querelam od. rem deferre ad alqm, – wegen einer Schuld K. anstellen, (auf eine Schuld) klagen, debitum petere (ICt.). – gegen jmd. wegenetwas eine K. anstellen, erheben, nomen alcis deferre de alqa re; deferre alqm alcis rei, auch mit dem Zus. ad iudices: alqm reum alcis rei citare od. agere; alqm reum alcis rei postulare; auch bl. postulare alqm alcis rei od. de alqa re. – eine K. wegen einer Forderung gegen jmd. anstellen, petere ab alqo: eine K. in Erbschaftsangelegenheiten anstellen, lege agere in hereditatem: eine K. wegen Ersatz von etwas anstellen, actione civili et iure repetere alqd: eine K. auf Leben und Tod gegen jmd. anstellen, alqm capitis (iudicio) arcessere; alqm capitis (reum) citare; alqm capitis reum postulare; capitis oder capite anquirere (bes. v. Volkstribun). – man kann gegen jmd. eine K. anstellen, est actio in alqm: die K. ist gegen jmd. zulässig oder anwendbar, actio competit in alqm: die Sache läßt keine K. zu, est alcis rei nulla actio.

    deutsch-lateinisches > Klage

  • 2 socius

    sŏcĭus, a, um, adj. [root sec- of sequor], sharing, joining in, partaking, united, associated, kindred, allied, fellow (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. subst. infra):

    hic (Augustus) socium cum Jove nomen habet,

    Ov. F. 1, 608:

    aurea possedit socio Capitolia templo Mater,

    i. e. in common with Jupiter, id. ib. 6, 73:

    regnum,

    id. M. 5, 378:

    classis,

    id. ib. 13, 352:

    sepulcrum,

    id. H. 11, 123:

    lectus,

    id. A. A. 2, 377:

    ignes,

    id. M. 9, 795:

    anni,

    id. H. 2, 33:

    linguae,

    id. Tr. 5, 10, 35:

    dei,

    id. F. 2, 618:

    spes,

    id. M. 13, 375:

    sociis quid noctibus uxor anxia,

    Stat. S. 3, 5, 1:

    platanus clara in Lyciā gelidi fontis sociā amoenitate,

    Plin. 12, 1, 5, § 9:

    potestas,

    Amm. 26, 2, 8.—
    II.
    Esp., leagued, allied, confederate:

    cura sociae retinendae urbis,

    Liv. 27, 1; so,

    urbs,

    id. 31, 24:

    civitates,

    id. 41, 6 fin.; Quint. 3, 8, 12; cf.:

    civitas nobis,

    Tac. A. 13, 57:

    agmina,

    Verg. A. 2, 371: manus, i. e. of the allies (in the Bellum Sociale), Ov. Am. 3, 15, 10:

    classis,

    id. M. 13, 352:

    arma,

    Sil. 7, 635.—Hence, substt
    A.
    sŏcĭus, i, m. ( gen. plur. socium, Liv. 43, 6, 12; 44, 21, 10; v. II. B. infra;

    also in the poets,

    Verg. A. 5, 174; Prop. 3, 7, 41; Neue, Formenl. 1, 112 sq.).
    1.
    In gen., fellow, sharer, partner, comrade, companion, associate (very freq. and class.;

    syn.: consors, particeps): belli particeps et socius et adjutor,

    Cic. Att. 9, 10, 5; cf.:

    consiliorum omnium particeps et socius paene regni,

    id. Rep. 2, 20, 35; cf.:

    regni sociis,

    Luc. 1, 92:

    hereditatis,

    Plin. Pan. 38:

    tuorum consiliorum (with particeps),

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 22:

    fortunarum omnium (with particeps),

    Cic. Font. 17, 37 (21, 47):

    me quidem certe tuarum actionum, sententiarum, rerum denique omnium socium comitemque habebis,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 22:

    praeter Laelium neminem habeo culpae socium,

    id. Att. 11, 14, 1:

    Agusius, omnium laborum, periculorum meorum socius,

    id. Fam. 13, 71:

    socius et consors gloriosi laboris,

    id. Brut. 1, 2; Sall. J. 29, 2:

    Romuli socius in Sabino proelio,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 8, 14; for which, with dat.:

    alicui socius,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72:

    hunc cape consiliis socium,

    Verg. A. 5, 712:

    hos castris adhibe socios,

    id. 8, 56:

    socium esse in negotiis,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 9:

    quia sine sociis nemo quicquam tale conatur,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

    socium ad malam rem quaerere,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 22:

    cum sociis operum,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 142:

    ante alios Infert se socium Aeneas,

    Verg. A. 4, 142:

    amissā sociorum parte,

    Ov. M. 14, 242.— Poet.:

    generis socii,

    i. e. relatives, Ov. M. 3, 259; cf.

    sanguinis,

    id. Tr. 4, 5, 29:

    tori,

    i. e. a spouse, consort, id. M. 14, 678.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    In mercant. lang., a copartner, partner in business:

    socii putandi sunt, quos inter res communicata est, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 20, § 50; id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; id. Quint. 3, 12:

    nefarium est socium fallere qui se in negotio conjunxit,

    id. Rosc. Com. 6, 16.—So, socii, of the company of farmers of the public revenue, Cic. Fam. 13, 9, 3; Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 120; cf. societas, II. A. 2. —Hence,
    (β).
    Jurid. t. t.:

    pro socio (agere, damnari, etc.),

    for defrauding a partner, Cic. Fl. 18, 43; id. Quint. 3, 13; cf. Dig. 17, [p. 1716] tit. 2: Pro socio.—
    b.
    In publicists' lang., an ally, confederate (cf. foederatus); plur., Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 25:

    servate vestros socios,

    id. Cist. 1, 3, 51:

    Boios receptos ad se socios sibi asciscunt,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 5 fin.; 1, 11 fin.; 1, 14; 1, 15;

    1, 36: Cyprius rex, cujus majores huic populo socii atque amici semper fuerunt,

    Cic. Dom. 20, 52; Liv. 29, 17; 44, 1 et saep. al.;

    opp. hostes,

    Sall. C. 51, 38; id. J. 92, 2.— Sing.:

    socius et amicus populi Romani,

    Sall. J. 24, 3.—In the connection, socii et Latini, or, more freq., socii et nomen Latinum, the term socii denotes the Italian people dwelling out of Latium who were under the protection of and allied with Rome, the Italian allies, Cic. Lael. 3, 12; id. Rep. 6, 12, 12; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2; 42, 1:

    socii nomenque Latinum,

    id. ib. 43, 4 Kritz N. cr.; Liv. 29, 27;

    for which, also: socii ac nominis Latini,

    id. 41, 8;

    and without ellipsis: per homines nominis Latini et socios Italicos impedimenta parabant,

    Sall. J. 40, 2; cf.

    also: quos (milites) uti ex Latio et a sociis cogeret,

    id. ib. 95, 1. —The socii Latini nominis, on the other hand, are simply the Latin allies, the Latins, Liv. 40, 36; 32, 8; 41, 12:

    socii ab nomine Latino,

    id. 22, 38.—In this sense the gen. plur. is usually socium, Liv. 21, 17, 2; 22, 27, 11 et saep.:

    socii navales,

    id. 21, 50; v. navalis.—
    B.
    sŏcĭa, ae, f.:

    eos, qui nos socias sumpserunt sibi,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 45:

    (eloquentia) pacis est comes otiique socia,

    Cic. Brut. 12, 45:

    vitae socia virtus, mortis comes gloria,

    id. Font. 17, 39 (21, 49); cf.: est socia mortis homini vita ingloria, Publ. Syr. App. 213 Rib.:

    nox socia,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    quam plurimas uxores habent.... nulla pro sociā obtinet,

    Sall. J. 80, 7:

    addit se sociam,

    Verg. E. 6, 20:

    socias sorores Impietatis habet,

    Ov. M. 4, 3:

    hic socias tu quoque junge moras,

    id. A. A. 1, 492:

    sociae doloris casusque tui,

    App. M. 5, p. 166, 18.— Poet.: socia generisque torique, related by blood and marriage, relative and wife (Juno), Ov. M. 1, 620; so,

    tori,

    id. ib. 8, 521;

    10, 268: ulmus cum sociā vite,

    id. ib. 14, 662.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > socius

  • 3 caput

        caput itis, n    [CAP-], the head: Capillus circum caput Reiectus, T.: caput obnubito, L.: capitis nives, H.: capite operto: aperire: velare, L.: abscindere cervicibus: capite demisso: attollere, O.: extollere, to become bold: breve (equi), H.: coronatum (bovis), Tb.: per caput pedesque ire, heels over head, Ct.: dux cum exercitu supra caput est, i. e. is ready to fall upon us, S.: capita conferre, to lay heads together, i. e. to confer in secret, L.: caput aut collum petere, strike at the vital parts: haec alias inter caput extulit urbes, towers, i. e. excels, V.: aliena negotia Per caput saliunt, run through the head, i. e. the mind, H.: capitis labor, mental exertion, H. — Meton., the head, top, summit, point, end, extremity: iocur sine capite (of a sacrifice), L.: in extis, O.: tignorum, Cs.: cornu duxit, donec curvata coirent capita, the ends, V. — The origin, source, spring, head (of a river), L.: caput unde erumpit Enipeus, V.: celsis caput urbibus exit, my source springs among great cities, V.—The mouth, embouchure (rare): multis capitibus in Oceanum influit, Cs.—Of plants: diducere terram ad capita, the roots, V.: papavera demisere caput, the heads, V.: capitum iugatio, branches (of the vine). — Of mountains, the summit: capita aspera montis, V. — Of persons, a head, person: ridiculum caput! T.: carum, V.: duo haec capita taeterrima: ignota, L.: di capiti ipsius reservent, for himself, V.: capiti cane talia Dardanio rebusque tuis, i. e. for Aeneas and yourself, V.: Perfidum, H.: de sacrando cum bonis capite alcuius, L.: ut caput Iovi sacraretur, L.—With numerals: capitum Helvetiorum milia CCLXIII, souls, Cs.: nullum caput Proserpina fugit, H.: in capita, to each person, L.; cf. sus Triginta capitum fetūs enixa, V.—Fig., life, physical life: Capitis periculum adire, to risk life, T.: caput obiectare periclis, V.: capitis poena, capital punishment, Cs.: certamen capitis et famae: ut capite dimices tuo, L.: caput offerre pro patriā: patrium tibi crede caput (i. e. patris vitam), O.: accusatus capitis absolvitur, of a capital crime, N.: Sthenium capite damnare.—Civil life, personality, civil rights, liberty and citizenship: capitis causae, involving citizenship: iudicium capitis: capitis deminutio, loss of civil rights, Cs.—Poet.: capitis minor, H.—Of persons, a leader, chief, guide: concitandorum Graecorum: capita nominis Latini, heads, chiefs, L.: ut se Suevorum caput credant, chief tribe, Ta.: capita coniurationis securi percussi, L.: illic est huic rei caput, author, contriver, T.: ab illo fonte et capite Socrate: corpori valido caput deerat, leader, L.: ipsum Expugnare caput, the great man himself, H. —A head, chief, capital: Thebae totius Graeciae, first city, N.: Roma, orbis terrarum, L.: castellum eius regionis, principal place, L.: Romam caput Latio esse, L.: ius nigrum, cenae caput, principal dish: fundus, vestrae pecuniae, chief source of income: caput esse artis, decere, the note, characteristic: ad consilium de re p. dandum caput est nosse rem p., first qualification: caput litterarum cum alquo, reason for corresponding: Epicuri, chief dogma: caput belli et summa, V.—In writings, a division, paragraph, chapter: legis: caput Annianum de hereditatibus, passage in the will of A.— Of money, the principal sum, capital, stock: quibus ille de capite dempsisset, reduced their debts: de capite deducite alqd, L.: Quinas hic capiti mercedes exsecet, extort sixty per centum, H.
    * * *
    head; person; life; leader; top; source/mouth (river); capital (punishment); heading; chapter, principal division

    Latin-English dictionary > caput

  • 4 capud

    căpŭt ( kăp-căpud), ĭtis ( abl. sing. regularly capite:

    capiti,

    Cat. 68, 124; cf. Tib. 1, 1, 72 Huschk., where the MSS., as well as Caes. German. Arat. 213, vary between the two forms), n. [kindr. with Sanscr. kap-āla; Gr. keph-alê; Goth. haubith; Germ. Haupt].
    I.
    The head, of men and animals:

    oscitat in campis caput a cervice revolsum,

    Enn. Ann. 462 Vahl.: i lictor, conliga manus, caput obnubito, form. ap. Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. Liv. 1, 26, 6:

    tun' capite cano amas, homo nequissume?

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 34; so,

    cano capite,

    id. As. 5, 2, 84; id. Cas. 3, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 1, 72; Pers. 1, 83 al.; cf. Tib. 1, 10, 43, and:

    capitis nives,

    Hor. C. 4, 13, 12, and Quint. 8, 6, 17 Spald.:

    raso capite calvus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 306:

    irraso,

    id. Rud. 5, 2, 16:

    intonsum,

    Quint. 12, 10, 47:

    amputare alicui,

    Suet. Galb. 20; Vulg. 1 Par. 10, 9:

    capite operto,

    Cic. Sen. 10, 34, 34:

    obvoluto,

    id. Phil. 2, 31, 77 Klotz:

    caput aperire,

    id. ib.:

    abscindere cervicibus,

    id. ib. 11, 2, 5:

    demittere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 32; Cat. 87, 8; Verg. A. 9, 437: attollere. Ov. M. 5, 503:

    extollere,

    to become bold, Cic. Planc. 13, 33: efferre, to raise one ' s head, to be eminent, Verg. E. 1, 25 al.—Of animals, Tib. 2, 1, 8; Hor. S. 1, 2, 89; 2, 3, 200; id. Ep. 1, 1, 76 al.—
    b.
    Prov.: supra caput esse, to be over one ' s head, i. e. to be at one ' s very doors, to threaten in consequence of nearness ( = imminere, impendere), Sall. C. 52, 24; Liv. 3, 17, 2; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. Kritz ad Sall. l. l.: capita conferre (like our phrase to put heads together, i. e to confer together in secret), Liv. 2, 45, 7:

    ire praecipitem in lutum, per caputque pedesque,

    over head and ears, Cat. 17, 9:

    nec caput nec pedes,

    neither beginning nor end, good for nothing, Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 2; cf. Cato ap. Liv. Epit. lib. 50; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 139 sq.—
    c.
    Capita aut navia (al. navim), heads or tails, a play of the Roman youth in which a piece of money is thrown up, to see whether the figure-side (the head of Janus) or the reverse - side (a ship) will fall uppermost, Macr. S. 1, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 3; cf. Ov. F. 1, 239; Paul. Nol. Poëm. 38, 73.—
    d.
    Poet., the head, as the seat of the understanding:

    aliena negotia Per caput saliunt,

    run through the head, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34; so id. ib. 2, 3, 132; id. A. P. 300.—
    e.
    Ad Capita bubula, a place in Rome in the tenth region, where Augustus was born, Suet. Aug. 5.—
    2.
    Transf., of inanimate things.
    a.
    In gen., the head, top, summit, point, end, extremity (beginning or end):

    ulpici,

    Cato, R. R. 71:

    allii,

    Col. 6, 34, 1:

    porri,

    id. 11, 3, 17:

    papaveris,

    Liv. 1, 54, 6; Verg. A. 9, 437:

    bulborum,

    Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 94:

    caulis,

    id. 19, 8, 41, § 140 al.:

    jecoris (or jecinoris, jocinoris),

    Cic. Div. 2, 13, 32; Liv. 8, 9, 1; cf. id. 27, 26, 14; 41, 14, 7; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 244 Müll.:

    extorum,

    Ov. M. 15, 795; Luc. 1, 627; Plin. 11, 37, 73, § 189: pontis, tēte de pont, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 4; cf. Front. Arat. 2, 13, 5:

    tignorum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 9:

    columnae,

    Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13:

    molis,

    the highest point of the mole, Curt. 4, 2, 23:

    xysti,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 20:

    porticus,

    id. ib. 5, 6, 19 al.—
    b.
    Esp., of rivers,
    (α).
    The origin, source, spring ( head):

    caput aquae illud est, unde aqua nascitur,

    Dig. 43, 20, 1, § 8; so Lucr. 5, 270; 6, 636; 6, 729; Tib. 1, 7, 24; Hor. C. 1, 1, 22; id. S. 1, 10, 37; Verg. G. 4, 319; 4, 368; Ov. M. 2, 255; Hirt. B. G. 8, 41; Liv. 1, 51, 9; 2, 38, 1; 37, 18, 6:

    fontium,

    Vitr. 8, 1; Mel. 3, 2, 8; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 5; 10, 91, 1 al.—
    (β).
    (more rare) The mouth, embouchure, Caes. B. G. 4, 10; Liv. 33, 41, 7; Luc. 2, 52; 3, 202.—
    c.
    Also of plants, sometimes the root, Cato, R. R. 36; 43; 51:

    vitis,

    id. ib. 33, 1; 95, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 195; Verg. G. 2, 355.—
    d.
    Also, in reference to the vine, vine branches, Col. 3, 10, 1; Cic. Sen. 15, 53.— Poet., also the summit, top of trees, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, and ap. Non. 195, 24; Ov. M. 1, 567; Poët. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 90; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370. —
    e.
    Of mountains, rocks, Verg. A. 4, 249; 6, 360.—
    f.
    Of a boil that swells out, Cels. 8, 9;

    hence, facere,

    to come to a head, Plin. 22, 25, 76, § 159; 26, 12, 77, § 125; cf.: capita deorum appellabantur fasciculi facti ex verbenis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64 Müll.—
    II.
    Per meton. (pars pro toto), a man, person, or animal (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf. kara, kephalê,, in the same signif.;

    v. Liddell and Scott and Robinson): pro capite tuo quantum dedit,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 37:

    hoc conruptum'st caput,

    id. Ep. 1, 1, 85:

    siquidem hoc vivet caput, i. e. ego,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 33; so id. Stich. 5, 5, 10; cf. id. Capt. 5, 1, 25:

    ridiculum caput!

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 34:

    festivum,

    id. Ad. 2, 3, 8:

    lepidum,

    id. ib. 5, 9, 9:

    carum,

    Verg. A. 4, 354; Hor. C. 1, 24, 2:

    liberum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 79:

    vilia,

    Liv. 25, 6, 9:

    viliora,

    id. 9, 26, 22:

    vilissima,

    id. 24, 5, 13:

    ignota,

    id. 3, 7, 7; cf. id. 2, 5, 6:

    liberorum servorumque,

    id. 29, 29, 3 al. —In imprecations:

    istic capiti dicito,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 47; cf.:

    vae capiti tuo,

    id. Most. 4, 3, 10; so id. Poen. 3, 3, 32; Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 2, 12; Verg. A. 8, 484; 11, 399 al.—With numerals:

    capitum Helvetiorum milia CCLXIII.,

    souls, Caes. B. G. 1, 29; 4, 15:

    quot capitum vivunt, totidem studiorum Milia,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 27; id. Ep. 2, 2, 189; cf. id. C. 1, 28, 20 al.; so, in capita, in distribution, to or for each person (cf. in Heb. also, for each head, poll, = for each individual, v. Robinson in h. v.), Liv. 2, 33, 11; 32, 17, 2; 34, 50, 6 al. (cf.:

    in singulos,

    id. 42, 4, 5).—Of. the poll-tax:

    exactio capitum,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5; so,

    capite censi, v. censeo.—Of animals,

    Verg. A. 3, 391; Col. 6, 5, 4 fin.; 8, 5, 4; 8, 5, 7; 8, 11, 13; Veg. Vet. 1, 18.—
    III.
    Trop.
    1.
    Life, and specif.,
    a.
    Physical life:

    carum,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 33 sq.; 5, 1, 26:

    si capitis res siet,

    if it is a matter of life and death, id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: capitis periculum adire, to risk one ' s life, Ter. And. 4, 1, 53; id. Hec. 3, 1, 54; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 2, 6 Runnk.:

    capitis poena,

    capital punishment, Caes. B. G. 7, 71:

    pactum pro capite pretium,

    Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:

    cum altero certamen honoris et dignitatis est, cum altero capitis et famae,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 38:

    cum dimicatione capitis,

    id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:

    suo capite decernere,

    id. Att. 10, 9, 2; so Liv. 2, 12, 10; Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64; Liv. 9, 5, 5:

    caput offerre pro patriā,

    Cic. Sull. 30, 84:

    patrium tibi crede caput, i. e. patris vitam et salutem,

    Ov. M. 8, 94; so,

    capitis accusare,

    to accuse of a capital crime, Nep. Paus. 2 fin.:

    absolvere,

    id. Milt. 7, 6:

    damnare,

    id. Alcib. 4, 5; id. Eum. 5, 1:

    tergo ac capite puniri,

    Liv. 3, 55, 14:

    caput Jovi sacrum,

    id. 3, 55, 7:

    sacratum,

    id. 10, 38, 3 al.; cf. Ov. M. 9, 296.—
    b.
    Civil or political life, acc. to the Roman idea, including the rights of liberty, citizenship, [p. 290] and family (libertatis, civitatis, familiae): its loss or deprivation was called deminutio or minutio capitis, acc. to the foll. jurid. distinction: capitis deminutionis tria genera sunt: maxima, media, minima; tria enim sunt, quae habemus: libertatem, civitatem, familiam. Igitur cum omnia haec amittimus (as by servitude or condemnation to death), maximam esse capitis deminutionem; cum vero amittimus civitatem (as in the interdictio aquae et ignis) libertatem retinemus, mediam esse capitis deminutionem;

    cum et libertas et civitas retinetur, familia tantum mutatur (as by adoption, or, in the case of women, by marriage) minimam esse capitis deminutionem constat,

    Dig. 4, 5, 11; cf. Just. Inst. 1, 16, 4; Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 181; 1, 54, 231; id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; Liv. 3, 55, 14; 22, 60, 15:

    capitis minor,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 42:

    servus manumissus capite non minuitur, quia nulnum caput habuit,

    Dig. 4, 5, 3, § 1.—Of the deminutio media, Cic. Brut. 36, 136; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, §§ 98 and 99; id. Quint. 2, 8 al.—Of the deminutio minima, Cic. Top. 4, 18; cf. Gai Inst. 1, 162.—
    2. (α).
    With gen.:

    scelerum,

    an arrant knave, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 31; id. Mil. 2, 6, 14; id. Ps. 1, 5, 31; 4, 5, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 54:

    perjuri,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 55:

    concitandorum Graecorum,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 42:

    consilil,

    Liv. 8, 31, 7:

    conjurationis,

    id. 9, 26, 7:

    caput rei Romanae Camillus,

    id. 6, 3, 1; cf.:

    caput rerum Masinissam fuisse,

    id. 28, 35, 12; so id. 26, 40, 13:

    reipublicae,

    Tac. A. 1, 13:

    nominis Latini,

    heads, chiefs, Liv. 1, 52, 4:

    belli,

    id. 45, 7, 3:

    Suevorum,

    chieftribe, Tac. G. 39 fin. al.—The predicate in gen. masc.:

    capita conjurationis ejus virgis caesi ac securi percussi,

    Liv. 10, 1, 3.—
    (β).
    With esse and dat.:

    ego caput fui argento reperiundo,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 138; cf.:

    illic est huic rei caput,

    author, contriver, Ter. And. 2, 6, 27; so id. Ad. 4, 2, 29 al.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    urgerent philosophorum greges, jam ab illo fonte et capite Socrate,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

    corpori valido caput deerat,

    guide, leader, Liv. 5, 46, 5:

    esse aliquod caput (i. e. regem) placebat,

    id. 1, 17, 4; cf. id. 1, 23, 4; Hor. S. 2, 5, 74 al.—Of things, head, chief, capital, etc.;

    thus of cities: Thebas caput fuisse totius Graeciae,

    head, first city, Nep. Epam. 10 fin.; so with gen., Liv. 9, 37, 12; 10, 37, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 23, 11, 11; 37, 18, 3 (with arx); cf.:

    pro capite atque arce Italiae, urbe Romanā,

    Liv. 22, 32, 5; and with dat.:

    Romam caput Latio esse,

    id. 8, 4, 5; and:

    brevi caput Italiae omni Capuam fore,

    id. 23, 10, 2 Drak. N. cr. —Of other localities:

    castellum quod caput ejus regionis erat,

    the head, principal place, Liv. 21, 33, 11.—Of other things:

    jus nigrum, quod cenae caput erat,

    the principal dish, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98; cf. id. Fin. 2, 8, 25:

    patrimonii publici,

    id. Agr. 1, 7, 21; cf. id. ib. 2, 29, 80; Liv. 6, 14, 10: caput esse artis, decere, the main or principal point, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 132:

    caput esse ad beate vivendum securitatem,

    id. Lael. 13, 45: ad consilium de re publicā dandum caput est nosse rem publicam;

    ad dicendum vero probabiliter, nosse mores civitatis,

    id. de Or. 2, 82, 337; 1, 19, 87:

    litterarum,

    summary, purport, substance, id. Phil. 2, 31, 77:

    caput Epicuri,

    the fundamental principle, dogma, id. Ac. 2, 32, 101; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 27: rerum, the chief or central point, head, Cic. Brut. 44, 164.—So in writings, a division, section, paragraph, chapter, etc.:

    a primo capite legis usque ad extremum,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, 26; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 118 Ascon.; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4; Gell. 2, 15, 4 al.; Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 223; id. Fam. 7, 22 med.; Quint. 10, 7, 32:

    id quod caput est,

    Cic. Att. 1, 17, 4; so id. Fam. 3, 7, 4.—Of money, the principal sum, the capital, stock (syn. sors;

    opp. usurae),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 11; 2, 3, 35, § 80 sq.; id. Att. 15, 26, 4; Liv. 6, 15, 10; 6, 35, 4; Hor. S. 1, 2, 14 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > capud

  • 5 caput

    căpŭt ( kăp-căpud), ĭtis ( abl. sing. regularly capite:

    capiti,

    Cat. 68, 124; cf. Tib. 1, 1, 72 Huschk., where the MSS., as well as Caes. German. Arat. 213, vary between the two forms), n. [kindr. with Sanscr. kap-āla; Gr. keph-alê; Goth. haubith; Germ. Haupt].
    I.
    The head, of men and animals:

    oscitat in campis caput a cervice revolsum,

    Enn. Ann. 462 Vahl.: i lictor, conliga manus, caput obnubito, form. ap. Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. Liv. 1, 26, 6:

    tun' capite cano amas, homo nequissume?

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 34; so,

    cano capite,

    id. As. 5, 2, 84; id. Cas. 3, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 1, 72; Pers. 1, 83 al.; cf. Tib. 1, 10, 43, and:

    capitis nives,

    Hor. C. 4, 13, 12, and Quint. 8, 6, 17 Spald.:

    raso capite calvus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 306:

    irraso,

    id. Rud. 5, 2, 16:

    intonsum,

    Quint. 12, 10, 47:

    amputare alicui,

    Suet. Galb. 20; Vulg. 1 Par. 10, 9:

    capite operto,

    Cic. Sen. 10, 34, 34:

    obvoluto,

    id. Phil. 2, 31, 77 Klotz:

    caput aperire,

    id. ib.:

    abscindere cervicibus,

    id. ib. 11, 2, 5:

    demittere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 32; Cat. 87, 8; Verg. A. 9, 437: attollere. Ov. M. 5, 503:

    extollere,

    to become bold, Cic. Planc. 13, 33: efferre, to raise one ' s head, to be eminent, Verg. E. 1, 25 al.—Of animals, Tib. 2, 1, 8; Hor. S. 1, 2, 89; 2, 3, 200; id. Ep. 1, 1, 76 al.—
    b.
    Prov.: supra caput esse, to be over one ' s head, i. e. to be at one ' s very doors, to threaten in consequence of nearness ( = imminere, impendere), Sall. C. 52, 24; Liv. 3, 17, 2; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. Kritz ad Sall. l. l.: capita conferre (like our phrase to put heads together, i. e to confer together in secret), Liv. 2, 45, 7:

    ire praecipitem in lutum, per caputque pedesque,

    over head and ears, Cat. 17, 9:

    nec caput nec pedes,

    neither beginning nor end, good for nothing, Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 2; cf. Cato ap. Liv. Epit. lib. 50; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 139 sq.—
    c.
    Capita aut navia (al. navim), heads or tails, a play of the Roman youth in which a piece of money is thrown up, to see whether the figure-side (the head of Janus) or the reverse - side (a ship) will fall uppermost, Macr. S. 1, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 3; cf. Ov. F. 1, 239; Paul. Nol. Poëm. 38, 73.—
    d.
    Poet., the head, as the seat of the understanding:

    aliena negotia Per caput saliunt,

    run through the head, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34; so id. ib. 2, 3, 132; id. A. P. 300.—
    e.
    Ad Capita bubula, a place in Rome in the tenth region, where Augustus was born, Suet. Aug. 5.—
    2.
    Transf., of inanimate things.
    a.
    In gen., the head, top, summit, point, end, extremity (beginning or end):

    ulpici,

    Cato, R. R. 71:

    allii,

    Col. 6, 34, 1:

    porri,

    id. 11, 3, 17:

    papaveris,

    Liv. 1, 54, 6; Verg. A. 9, 437:

    bulborum,

    Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 94:

    caulis,

    id. 19, 8, 41, § 140 al.:

    jecoris (or jecinoris, jocinoris),

    Cic. Div. 2, 13, 32; Liv. 8, 9, 1; cf. id. 27, 26, 14; 41, 14, 7; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 244 Müll.:

    extorum,

    Ov. M. 15, 795; Luc. 1, 627; Plin. 11, 37, 73, § 189: pontis, tēte de pont, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 4; cf. Front. Arat. 2, 13, 5:

    tignorum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 9:

    columnae,

    Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13:

    molis,

    the highest point of the mole, Curt. 4, 2, 23:

    xysti,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 20:

    porticus,

    id. ib. 5, 6, 19 al.—
    b.
    Esp., of rivers,
    (α).
    The origin, source, spring ( head):

    caput aquae illud est, unde aqua nascitur,

    Dig. 43, 20, 1, § 8; so Lucr. 5, 270; 6, 636; 6, 729; Tib. 1, 7, 24; Hor. C. 1, 1, 22; id. S. 1, 10, 37; Verg. G. 4, 319; 4, 368; Ov. M. 2, 255; Hirt. B. G. 8, 41; Liv. 1, 51, 9; 2, 38, 1; 37, 18, 6:

    fontium,

    Vitr. 8, 1; Mel. 3, 2, 8; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 5; 10, 91, 1 al.—
    (β).
    (more rare) The mouth, embouchure, Caes. B. G. 4, 10; Liv. 33, 41, 7; Luc. 2, 52; 3, 202.—
    c.
    Also of plants, sometimes the root, Cato, R. R. 36; 43; 51:

    vitis,

    id. ib. 33, 1; 95, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 195; Verg. G. 2, 355.—
    d.
    Also, in reference to the vine, vine branches, Col. 3, 10, 1; Cic. Sen. 15, 53.— Poet., also the summit, top of trees, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, and ap. Non. 195, 24; Ov. M. 1, 567; Poët. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 90; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370. —
    e.
    Of mountains, rocks, Verg. A. 4, 249; 6, 360.—
    f.
    Of a boil that swells out, Cels. 8, 9;

    hence, facere,

    to come to a head, Plin. 22, 25, 76, § 159; 26, 12, 77, § 125; cf.: capita deorum appellabantur fasciculi facti ex verbenis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64 Müll.—
    II.
    Per meton. (pars pro toto), a man, person, or animal (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf. kara, kephalê,, in the same signif.;

    v. Liddell and Scott and Robinson): pro capite tuo quantum dedit,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 37:

    hoc conruptum'st caput,

    id. Ep. 1, 1, 85:

    siquidem hoc vivet caput, i. e. ego,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 33; so id. Stich. 5, 5, 10; cf. id. Capt. 5, 1, 25:

    ridiculum caput!

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 34:

    festivum,

    id. Ad. 2, 3, 8:

    lepidum,

    id. ib. 5, 9, 9:

    carum,

    Verg. A. 4, 354; Hor. C. 1, 24, 2:

    liberum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 79:

    vilia,

    Liv. 25, 6, 9:

    viliora,

    id. 9, 26, 22:

    vilissima,

    id. 24, 5, 13:

    ignota,

    id. 3, 7, 7; cf. id. 2, 5, 6:

    liberorum servorumque,

    id. 29, 29, 3 al. —In imprecations:

    istic capiti dicito,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 47; cf.:

    vae capiti tuo,

    id. Most. 4, 3, 10; so id. Poen. 3, 3, 32; Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 2, 12; Verg. A. 8, 484; 11, 399 al.—With numerals:

    capitum Helvetiorum milia CCLXIII.,

    souls, Caes. B. G. 1, 29; 4, 15:

    quot capitum vivunt, totidem studiorum Milia,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 27; id. Ep. 2, 2, 189; cf. id. C. 1, 28, 20 al.; so, in capita, in distribution, to or for each person (cf. in Heb. also, for each head, poll, = for each individual, v. Robinson in h. v.), Liv. 2, 33, 11; 32, 17, 2; 34, 50, 6 al. (cf.:

    in singulos,

    id. 42, 4, 5).—Of. the poll-tax:

    exactio capitum,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5; so,

    capite censi, v. censeo.—Of animals,

    Verg. A. 3, 391; Col. 6, 5, 4 fin.; 8, 5, 4; 8, 5, 7; 8, 11, 13; Veg. Vet. 1, 18.—
    III.
    Trop.
    1.
    Life, and specif.,
    a.
    Physical life:

    carum,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 33 sq.; 5, 1, 26:

    si capitis res siet,

    if it is a matter of life and death, id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: capitis periculum adire, to risk one ' s life, Ter. And. 4, 1, 53; id. Hec. 3, 1, 54; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 2, 6 Runnk.:

    capitis poena,

    capital punishment, Caes. B. G. 7, 71:

    pactum pro capite pretium,

    Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:

    cum altero certamen honoris et dignitatis est, cum altero capitis et famae,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 38:

    cum dimicatione capitis,

    id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:

    suo capite decernere,

    id. Att. 10, 9, 2; so Liv. 2, 12, 10; Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64; Liv. 9, 5, 5:

    caput offerre pro patriā,

    Cic. Sull. 30, 84:

    patrium tibi crede caput, i. e. patris vitam et salutem,

    Ov. M. 8, 94; so,

    capitis accusare,

    to accuse of a capital crime, Nep. Paus. 2 fin.:

    absolvere,

    id. Milt. 7, 6:

    damnare,

    id. Alcib. 4, 5; id. Eum. 5, 1:

    tergo ac capite puniri,

    Liv. 3, 55, 14:

    caput Jovi sacrum,

    id. 3, 55, 7:

    sacratum,

    id. 10, 38, 3 al.; cf. Ov. M. 9, 296.—
    b.
    Civil or political life, acc. to the Roman idea, including the rights of liberty, citizenship, [p. 290] and family (libertatis, civitatis, familiae): its loss or deprivation was called deminutio or minutio capitis, acc. to the foll. jurid. distinction: capitis deminutionis tria genera sunt: maxima, media, minima; tria enim sunt, quae habemus: libertatem, civitatem, familiam. Igitur cum omnia haec amittimus (as by servitude or condemnation to death), maximam esse capitis deminutionem; cum vero amittimus civitatem (as in the interdictio aquae et ignis) libertatem retinemus, mediam esse capitis deminutionem;

    cum et libertas et civitas retinetur, familia tantum mutatur (as by adoption, or, in the case of women, by marriage) minimam esse capitis deminutionem constat,

    Dig. 4, 5, 11; cf. Just. Inst. 1, 16, 4; Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 181; 1, 54, 231; id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; Liv. 3, 55, 14; 22, 60, 15:

    capitis minor,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 42:

    servus manumissus capite non minuitur, quia nulnum caput habuit,

    Dig. 4, 5, 3, § 1.—Of the deminutio media, Cic. Brut. 36, 136; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, §§ 98 and 99; id. Quint. 2, 8 al.—Of the deminutio minima, Cic. Top. 4, 18; cf. Gai Inst. 1, 162.—
    2. (α).
    With gen.:

    scelerum,

    an arrant knave, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 31; id. Mil. 2, 6, 14; id. Ps. 1, 5, 31; 4, 5, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 54:

    perjuri,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 55:

    concitandorum Graecorum,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 42:

    consilil,

    Liv. 8, 31, 7:

    conjurationis,

    id. 9, 26, 7:

    caput rei Romanae Camillus,

    id. 6, 3, 1; cf.:

    caput rerum Masinissam fuisse,

    id. 28, 35, 12; so id. 26, 40, 13:

    reipublicae,

    Tac. A. 1, 13:

    nominis Latini,

    heads, chiefs, Liv. 1, 52, 4:

    belli,

    id. 45, 7, 3:

    Suevorum,

    chieftribe, Tac. G. 39 fin. al.—The predicate in gen. masc.:

    capita conjurationis ejus virgis caesi ac securi percussi,

    Liv. 10, 1, 3.—
    (β).
    With esse and dat.:

    ego caput fui argento reperiundo,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 138; cf.:

    illic est huic rei caput,

    author, contriver, Ter. And. 2, 6, 27; so id. Ad. 4, 2, 29 al.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    urgerent philosophorum greges, jam ab illo fonte et capite Socrate,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

    corpori valido caput deerat,

    guide, leader, Liv. 5, 46, 5:

    esse aliquod caput (i. e. regem) placebat,

    id. 1, 17, 4; cf. id. 1, 23, 4; Hor. S. 2, 5, 74 al.—Of things, head, chief, capital, etc.;

    thus of cities: Thebas caput fuisse totius Graeciae,

    head, first city, Nep. Epam. 10 fin.; so with gen., Liv. 9, 37, 12; 10, 37, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 23, 11, 11; 37, 18, 3 (with arx); cf.:

    pro capite atque arce Italiae, urbe Romanā,

    Liv. 22, 32, 5; and with dat.:

    Romam caput Latio esse,

    id. 8, 4, 5; and:

    brevi caput Italiae omni Capuam fore,

    id. 23, 10, 2 Drak. N. cr. —Of other localities:

    castellum quod caput ejus regionis erat,

    the head, principal place, Liv. 21, 33, 11.—Of other things:

    jus nigrum, quod cenae caput erat,

    the principal dish, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98; cf. id. Fin. 2, 8, 25:

    patrimonii publici,

    id. Agr. 1, 7, 21; cf. id. ib. 2, 29, 80; Liv. 6, 14, 10: caput esse artis, decere, the main or principal point, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 132:

    caput esse ad beate vivendum securitatem,

    id. Lael. 13, 45: ad consilium de re publicā dandum caput est nosse rem publicam;

    ad dicendum vero probabiliter, nosse mores civitatis,

    id. de Or. 2, 82, 337; 1, 19, 87:

    litterarum,

    summary, purport, substance, id. Phil. 2, 31, 77:

    caput Epicuri,

    the fundamental principle, dogma, id. Ac. 2, 32, 101; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 27: rerum, the chief or central point, head, Cic. Brut. 44, 164.—So in writings, a division, section, paragraph, chapter, etc.:

    a primo capite legis usque ad extremum,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, 26; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 118 Ascon.; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4; Gell. 2, 15, 4 al.; Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 223; id. Fam. 7, 22 med.; Quint. 10, 7, 32:

    id quod caput est,

    Cic. Att. 1, 17, 4; so id. Fam. 3, 7, 4.—Of money, the principal sum, the capital, stock (syn. sors;

    opp. usurae),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 11; 2, 3, 35, § 80 sq.; id. Att. 15, 26, 4; Liv. 6, 15, 10; 6, 35, 4; Hor. S. 1, 2, 14 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > caput

  • 6 kaput

    căpŭt ( kăp-căpud), ĭtis ( abl. sing. regularly capite:

    capiti,

    Cat. 68, 124; cf. Tib. 1, 1, 72 Huschk., where the MSS., as well as Caes. German. Arat. 213, vary between the two forms), n. [kindr. with Sanscr. kap-āla; Gr. keph-alê; Goth. haubith; Germ. Haupt].
    I.
    The head, of men and animals:

    oscitat in campis caput a cervice revolsum,

    Enn. Ann. 462 Vahl.: i lictor, conliga manus, caput obnubito, form. ap. Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. Liv. 1, 26, 6:

    tun' capite cano amas, homo nequissume?

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 34; so,

    cano capite,

    id. As. 5, 2, 84; id. Cas. 3, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 1, 72; Pers. 1, 83 al.; cf. Tib. 1, 10, 43, and:

    capitis nives,

    Hor. C. 4, 13, 12, and Quint. 8, 6, 17 Spald.:

    raso capite calvus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 306:

    irraso,

    id. Rud. 5, 2, 16:

    intonsum,

    Quint. 12, 10, 47:

    amputare alicui,

    Suet. Galb. 20; Vulg. 1 Par. 10, 9:

    capite operto,

    Cic. Sen. 10, 34, 34:

    obvoluto,

    id. Phil. 2, 31, 77 Klotz:

    caput aperire,

    id. ib.:

    abscindere cervicibus,

    id. ib. 11, 2, 5:

    demittere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 32; Cat. 87, 8; Verg. A. 9, 437: attollere. Ov. M. 5, 503:

    extollere,

    to become bold, Cic. Planc. 13, 33: efferre, to raise one ' s head, to be eminent, Verg. E. 1, 25 al.—Of animals, Tib. 2, 1, 8; Hor. S. 1, 2, 89; 2, 3, 200; id. Ep. 1, 1, 76 al.—
    b.
    Prov.: supra caput esse, to be over one ' s head, i. e. to be at one ' s very doors, to threaten in consequence of nearness ( = imminere, impendere), Sall. C. 52, 24; Liv. 3, 17, 2; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. Kritz ad Sall. l. l.: capita conferre (like our phrase to put heads together, i. e to confer together in secret), Liv. 2, 45, 7:

    ire praecipitem in lutum, per caputque pedesque,

    over head and ears, Cat. 17, 9:

    nec caput nec pedes,

    neither beginning nor end, good for nothing, Cic. Fam. 7, 31, 2; cf. Cato ap. Liv. Epit. lib. 50; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 139 sq.—
    c.
    Capita aut navia (al. navim), heads or tails, a play of the Roman youth in which a piece of money is thrown up, to see whether the figure-side (the head of Janus) or the reverse - side (a ship) will fall uppermost, Macr. S. 1, 7; Aur. Vict. Orig. 3; cf. Ov. F. 1, 239; Paul. Nol. Poëm. 38, 73.—
    d.
    Poet., the head, as the seat of the understanding:

    aliena negotia Per caput saliunt,

    run through the head, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34; so id. ib. 2, 3, 132; id. A. P. 300.—
    e.
    Ad Capita bubula, a place in Rome in the tenth region, where Augustus was born, Suet. Aug. 5.—
    2.
    Transf., of inanimate things.
    a.
    In gen., the head, top, summit, point, end, extremity (beginning or end):

    ulpici,

    Cato, R. R. 71:

    allii,

    Col. 6, 34, 1:

    porri,

    id. 11, 3, 17:

    papaveris,

    Liv. 1, 54, 6; Verg. A. 9, 437:

    bulborum,

    Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 94:

    caulis,

    id. 19, 8, 41, § 140 al.:

    jecoris (or jecinoris, jocinoris),

    Cic. Div. 2, 13, 32; Liv. 8, 9, 1; cf. id. 27, 26, 14; 41, 14, 7; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 244 Müll.:

    extorum,

    Ov. M. 15, 795; Luc. 1, 627; Plin. 11, 37, 73, § 189: pontis, tēte de pont, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 4; cf. Front. Arat. 2, 13, 5:

    tignorum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 9:

    columnae,

    Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13:

    molis,

    the highest point of the mole, Curt. 4, 2, 23:

    xysti,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 20:

    porticus,

    id. ib. 5, 6, 19 al.—
    b.
    Esp., of rivers,
    (α).
    The origin, source, spring ( head):

    caput aquae illud est, unde aqua nascitur,

    Dig. 43, 20, 1, § 8; so Lucr. 5, 270; 6, 636; 6, 729; Tib. 1, 7, 24; Hor. C. 1, 1, 22; id. S. 1, 10, 37; Verg. G. 4, 319; 4, 368; Ov. M. 2, 255; Hirt. B. G. 8, 41; Liv. 1, 51, 9; 2, 38, 1; 37, 18, 6:

    fontium,

    Vitr. 8, 1; Mel. 3, 2, 8; Plin. Ep. 8, 8, 5; 10, 91, 1 al.—
    (β).
    (more rare) The mouth, embouchure, Caes. B. G. 4, 10; Liv. 33, 41, 7; Luc. 2, 52; 3, 202.—
    c.
    Also of plants, sometimes the root, Cato, R. R. 36; 43; 51:

    vitis,

    id. ib. 33, 1; 95, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 195; Verg. G. 2, 355.—
    d.
    Also, in reference to the vine, vine branches, Col. 3, 10, 1; Cic. Sen. 15, 53.— Poet., also the summit, top of trees, Enn. ap. Gell. 13, 20, and ap. Non. 195, 24; Ov. M. 1, 567; Poët. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 90; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 370. —
    e.
    Of mountains, rocks, Verg. A. 4, 249; 6, 360.—
    f.
    Of a boil that swells out, Cels. 8, 9;

    hence, facere,

    to come to a head, Plin. 22, 25, 76, § 159; 26, 12, 77, § 125; cf.: capita deorum appellabantur fasciculi facti ex verbenis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64 Müll.—
    II.
    Per meton. (pars pro toto), a man, person, or animal (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf. kara, kephalê,, in the same signif.;

    v. Liddell and Scott and Robinson): pro capite tuo quantum dedit,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 37:

    hoc conruptum'st caput,

    id. Ep. 1, 1, 85:

    siquidem hoc vivet caput, i. e. ego,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 33; so id. Stich. 5, 5, 10; cf. id. Capt. 5, 1, 25:

    ridiculum caput!

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 34:

    festivum,

    id. Ad. 2, 3, 8:

    lepidum,

    id. ib. 5, 9, 9:

    carum,

    Verg. A. 4, 354; Hor. C. 1, 24, 2:

    liberum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 79:

    vilia,

    Liv. 25, 6, 9:

    viliora,

    id. 9, 26, 22:

    vilissima,

    id. 24, 5, 13:

    ignota,

    id. 3, 7, 7; cf. id. 2, 5, 6:

    liberorum servorumque,

    id. 29, 29, 3 al. —In imprecations:

    istic capiti dicito,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 47; cf.:

    vae capiti tuo,

    id. Most. 4, 3, 10; so id. Poen. 3, 3, 32; Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4; Tib. 1, 2, 12; Verg. A. 8, 484; 11, 399 al.—With numerals:

    capitum Helvetiorum milia CCLXIII.,

    souls, Caes. B. G. 1, 29; 4, 15:

    quot capitum vivunt, totidem studiorum Milia,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 27; id. Ep. 2, 2, 189; cf. id. C. 1, 28, 20 al.; so, in capita, in distribution, to or for each person (cf. in Heb. also, for each head, poll, = for each individual, v. Robinson in h. v.), Liv. 2, 33, 11; 32, 17, 2; 34, 50, 6 al. (cf.:

    in singulos,

    id. 42, 4, 5).—Of. the poll-tax:

    exactio capitum,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5; so,

    capite censi, v. censeo.—Of animals,

    Verg. A. 3, 391; Col. 6, 5, 4 fin.; 8, 5, 4; 8, 5, 7; 8, 11, 13; Veg. Vet. 1, 18.—
    III.
    Trop.
    1.
    Life, and specif.,
    a.
    Physical life:

    carum,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 33 sq.; 5, 1, 26:

    si capitis res siet,

    if it is a matter of life and death, id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: capitis periculum adire, to risk one ' s life, Ter. And. 4, 1, 53; id. Hec. 3, 1, 54; cf. id. Phorm. 3, 2, 6 Runnk.:

    capitis poena,

    capital punishment, Caes. B. G. 7, 71:

    pactum pro capite pretium,

    Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:

    cum altero certamen honoris et dignitatis est, cum altero capitis et famae,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 38:

    cum dimicatione capitis,

    id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:

    suo capite decernere,

    id. Att. 10, 9, 2; so Liv. 2, 12, 10; Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64; Liv. 9, 5, 5:

    caput offerre pro patriā,

    Cic. Sull. 30, 84:

    patrium tibi crede caput, i. e. patris vitam et salutem,

    Ov. M. 8, 94; so,

    capitis accusare,

    to accuse of a capital crime, Nep. Paus. 2 fin.:

    absolvere,

    id. Milt. 7, 6:

    damnare,

    id. Alcib. 4, 5; id. Eum. 5, 1:

    tergo ac capite puniri,

    Liv. 3, 55, 14:

    caput Jovi sacrum,

    id. 3, 55, 7:

    sacratum,

    id. 10, 38, 3 al.; cf. Ov. M. 9, 296.—
    b.
    Civil or political life, acc. to the Roman idea, including the rights of liberty, citizenship, [p. 290] and family (libertatis, civitatis, familiae): its loss or deprivation was called deminutio or minutio capitis, acc. to the foll. jurid. distinction: capitis deminutionis tria genera sunt: maxima, media, minima; tria enim sunt, quae habemus: libertatem, civitatem, familiam. Igitur cum omnia haec amittimus (as by servitude or condemnation to death), maximam esse capitis deminutionem; cum vero amittimus civitatem (as in the interdictio aquae et ignis) libertatem retinemus, mediam esse capitis deminutionem;

    cum et libertas et civitas retinetur, familia tantum mutatur (as by adoption, or, in the case of women, by marriage) minimam esse capitis deminutionem constat,

    Dig. 4, 5, 11; cf. Just. Inst. 1, 16, 4; Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 181; 1, 54, 231; id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; Liv. 3, 55, 14; 22, 60, 15:

    capitis minor,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 42:

    servus manumissus capite non minuitur, quia nulnum caput habuit,

    Dig. 4, 5, 3, § 1.—Of the deminutio media, Cic. Brut. 36, 136; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, §§ 98 and 99; id. Quint. 2, 8 al.—Of the deminutio minima, Cic. Top. 4, 18; cf. Gai Inst. 1, 162.—
    2. (α).
    With gen.:

    scelerum,

    an arrant knave, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 4, 7, 31; id. Mil. 2, 6, 14; id. Ps. 1, 5, 31; 4, 5, 3; id. Rud. 4, 4, 54:

    perjuri,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 55:

    concitandorum Graecorum,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 42:

    consilil,

    Liv. 8, 31, 7:

    conjurationis,

    id. 9, 26, 7:

    caput rei Romanae Camillus,

    id. 6, 3, 1; cf.:

    caput rerum Masinissam fuisse,

    id. 28, 35, 12; so id. 26, 40, 13:

    reipublicae,

    Tac. A. 1, 13:

    nominis Latini,

    heads, chiefs, Liv. 1, 52, 4:

    belli,

    id. 45, 7, 3:

    Suevorum,

    chieftribe, Tac. G. 39 fin. al.—The predicate in gen. masc.:

    capita conjurationis ejus virgis caesi ac securi percussi,

    Liv. 10, 1, 3.—
    (β).
    With esse and dat.:

    ego caput fui argento reperiundo,

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 138; cf.:

    illic est huic rei caput,

    author, contriver, Ter. And. 2, 6, 27; so id. Ad. 4, 2, 29 al.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    urgerent philosophorum greges, jam ab illo fonte et capite Socrate,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

    corpori valido caput deerat,

    guide, leader, Liv. 5, 46, 5:

    esse aliquod caput (i. e. regem) placebat,

    id. 1, 17, 4; cf. id. 1, 23, 4; Hor. S. 2, 5, 74 al.—Of things, head, chief, capital, etc.;

    thus of cities: Thebas caput fuisse totius Graeciae,

    head, first city, Nep. Epam. 10 fin.; so with gen., Liv. 9, 37, 12; 10, 37, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 23, 11, 11; 37, 18, 3 (with arx); cf.:

    pro capite atque arce Italiae, urbe Romanā,

    Liv. 22, 32, 5; and with dat.:

    Romam caput Latio esse,

    id. 8, 4, 5; and:

    brevi caput Italiae omni Capuam fore,

    id. 23, 10, 2 Drak. N. cr. —Of other localities:

    castellum quod caput ejus regionis erat,

    the head, principal place, Liv. 21, 33, 11.—Of other things:

    jus nigrum, quod cenae caput erat,

    the principal dish, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 98; cf. id. Fin. 2, 8, 25:

    patrimonii publici,

    id. Agr. 1, 7, 21; cf. id. ib. 2, 29, 80; Liv. 6, 14, 10: caput esse artis, decere, the main or principal point, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 132:

    caput esse ad beate vivendum securitatem,

    id. Lael. 13, 45: ad consilium de re publicā dandum caput est nosse rem publicam;

    ad dicendum vero probabiliter, nosse mores civitatis,

    id. de Or. 2, 82, 337; 1, 19, 87:

    litterarum,

    summary, purport, substance, id. Phil. 2, 31, 77:

    caput Epicuri,

    the fundamental principle, dogma, id. Ac. 2, 32, 101; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 27: rerum, the chief or central point, head, Cic. Brut. 44, 164.—So in writings, a division, section, paragraph, chapter, etc.:

    a primo capite legis usque ad extremum,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, 26; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 118 Ascon.; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4; Gell. 2, 15, 4 al.; Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 223; id. Fam. 7, 22 med.; Quint. 10, 7, 32:

    id quod caput est,

    Cic. Att. 1, 17, 4; so id. Fam. 3, 7, 4.—Of money, the principal sum, the capital, stock (syn. sors;

    opp. usurae),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 11; 2, 3, 35, § 80 sq.; id. Att. 15, 26, 4; Liv. 6, 15, 10; 6, 35, 4; Hor. S. 1, 2, 14 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > kaput

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